Анотація до лекції 4
Lectures 4. Structuralism in Historical Comparative and Typological Linguistics
1. Historical and Methodological Bases of Structuralism in Linguistics
2. Linguistic Conception of Ferdinand de Saussure
3. “Signifier” and “Signified”
4. Language as System
5. The Prague Linguists School
6. American Structuralism
Annotation: The lectures touches upon historical and methodological bases of structural approach to the studying of world languages. Special attention is paid to the theory of Ferdinand de Saussure, his view on language as a system of signs. An important contribution to the 20th century typology was made by the Prague school linguists V. Skalička, V. Mathesius, I. Levy, N. S. Trubetskoy and others, who carried on their major investigations in the domain of charactereological typology. These scholars considered the essential features of a language to have been prearranged. Hence, the type of a language was identified as a unity of its characteristic features and phenomena. American Structuralism is represented by the theories of Leonard Bloomfield, France Boas, Edward Sapir.